I know this seems sacrilegious -- to make bolognese without meat, but I just had to offer up a vegetarian version of this dish. I created a version that uses chicken thighs and mushrooms, which is a family favorite. However, I wanted to go one step further an omit the meat and poultry all together. 

Mushrooms are not my favorite thing to eat, but in a dish like this, they offer that meatiness and umami flavor that is greatly desired. Even though I know mushrooms are present in the sauce, they aren't hitting me over the head with their presence. 

This sauce requires about 2-3 hours of simmering time for the flavors to develop. You could make this in a crockpot set on low over 8 hours. It's delicious over pasta or polenta. And definitely serve with a glass of chianti and crusty bread. 

You won't miss the meat here. Trust me. 

Mushroom Bolognese
 

• 0.5 ounce dried porcini mushrooms
• ½ cup hot water
• 1 tablespoon olive oil
• 1 white or yellow onion, minced (chopped small)*
• 3-4 cloves garlic, minced*
• 1 tablespoon fresh rosemary, finely chopped
• 8-10 ounces crimini mushrooms, chopped very small*
• 2 tablespoons tomato paste
• ½ cup red wine
• 1 28-ounce can whole peeled tomatoes (San Marzano tomatoes, preferred), crushed by hand or in a food processor
• 1 cup water (to rinse out the can of tomatoes)
• Salt and pepper, to taste

 
*For this recipe, I love to use a food processor to chop up the vegetables. You can pulse the onions and garlic together until finely chopped; same with the mushrooms.
 
Place the dried mushrooms in a small bowl and pour the hot water over. All the mushrooms to soften, about 15-20 minutes. Drain and reserve the mushroom water and the mushrooms. Finely chop the rehydrated mushrooms. Set aside until ready to use.
 
Heat the olive oil in a saucepan set over medium heat. Add the onion and garlic; sauté for 5-7 minutes. Add the rosemary and season lightly with salt and pepper; sauté for 1-2 minutes. Add the crimini and porcini mushrooms. Reduce heat slightly to medium low and sauté for 5 minutes. Add the tomato paste; cook for 3-4 minutes (helps bring out the flavor). Deglaze with the red wine; allow to reduce slightly. Pour in the tomatoes and rinse the can out with about a cup of water. Add the tomato water to the mixture. Stir in the mushroom water. Season lightly with salt and pepper.
 
Reduce heat to low. Simmer for 2-3 hours. The sauce will reduce by about a third. Adjust seasonings to taste. Serve with pasta or polenta. 

Ok, so this more than just boiling water. It's about making spaghetti with homemade marinara sauce. My assumption is, you probably already know how to boil water and cook pasta. However, there might be someone in the crowd who doesn't understand the process, so let me break it down for you.

Here are some simple tips for boiling water and pasta
​

1. This seems so, how shall I say it, simple. Right? Boiling water. Put a pot of water on the stove, turn the heat to high, and it magically boils. Well, yeah, that’s how it works for the most part. Placing a lid on the pot will bring it to a boil faster. Oh and you can look at it. Water will boil whether or not you look at it.   
2. Boiling Pasta. Now, let’s go one step further. You are boiling water to cook pasta. When the water comes to a full, rolling boil, add a hefty pinch of salt (about a tablespoon). Salt adds flavor to the pasta. That’s the whole reason to salt your pasta water.
3. Cook pasta to “al dente” or “to the tooth.” Pasta should be slightly chewy but not mushy. When all else fails, follow the instructions on the box of pasta. Better yet, undercook the pasta slightly (by 1-2 minutes) and allow it to finish cooking in the pasta sauce (Bolognese or marinara sauce). When you drain the pasta, do not rinse it. If you are cooking pasta ahead of time, toss it with 1-2 tablespoons of olive oil to prevent it from sticking together. 
4. Reserve about 1/2 cup pasta water to use in the sauce, especially if the sauce seems too dry or tight. The pasta water will help the pasta and sauce bind together. 
5. Master a simple pasta recipe like the one below (photos of the process are below)

 
Pasta with Marinara Sauce
Serves 3-4

• 1 tablespoon olive oil
• 1 pinch red pepper flakes
• 4 cloves garlic, sliced thin
• 1 tablespoon tomato paste
• ¼ cup red wine
• 1 28-oz can whole peeled tomatoes, crushed by hand
• Salt and freshly ground black pepper, to taste
• 8 ounces dry pasta (use spaghetti or a curly pasta like rotini) 
• ¼ cup basil leaves, sliced into ribbons (chiffonade - see photos below)
• Parmesan cheese for serving

 
Bring a pot of water to a boil. As you are waiting for the water to boil, begin making the sauce.
 
Place the olive oil, red pepper flakes, and garlic in a cold sauté pan or skillet. Place the pan on the stove over medium heat. Doing this helps infuse the flavors of the red pepper flakes and garlic into the oil. Once the garlic begins to sizzle, add the tomato paste. Stir it around and cook for 1 minute. Add the red wine; cook for 1 minute. About half of the wine will cook off. Add the tomatoes and season with salt and pepper (about ½ teaspoon of each). Reduce heat to medium low and simmer for 10-15 minutes. Taste and adjust the seasonings. At this point, you have a choice to leave the sauce chunky or puree it for a smoother sauce. I chose to puree half of the sauce using a hand blender (do this in a deep bowl, to prevent wearing the sauce). You can also use a regular blender or food processor. Once I pureed the sauce, I returned it back to the pan and added the basil. 
 
Once the water begins to boil, add a hefty pinch of salt to the water and add the pasta. Cook pasta according to package directions, but reduce the cooking time by 1 minute.
 
Drain the pasta, reserving a ½ cup pasta water. Add the pasta and pasta water to the sauce. Cook for 2-3 minutes over medium low heat. Serve with bread and parmesan cheese.
 
Enjoy! 

Originating from Bologna in Italy, traditional bolognese is a slow cooked meat sauce made with beef or a combination of beef and pork (and sometimes veal). Since I'm a dietitian, I always look for ways to make recipes healthier and steer away from beef whenever possible. I save beef consumption for special meals (like an all-beef chili or a filet mignon) and will only use grass-fed beef in these preparations. Grass-fed beef tends to be pricier than grain-fed beef, especially if you live in the Midwest, like me, making it a special occasion treat for us. 

So, when it comes to making a slow-cooked meat sauce to serve over pasta, I had to find ways to make it just as hearty and tasty as the traditional recipe. The secret: Mushrooms. Mushrooms contain a flavor profile called "umami," which is a savory taste, almost meat-like. MSG (monosodium glutamate) contains the "umami" flavor, along with soy sauce, both of which add depth of flavor to dishes. Mushrooms are the ultimate umami flavor enhancer in recipes when you want to forego beef and pork. By adding mushrooms to the recipe, you add that savory, meat-like flavor that beef provides but with way less calories and fat. Chicken thighs are added as a meat component in this recipe. To chop the chicken thighs, you don't need a meat grinder but rather, use your food processor. In fact, use your food processor for all the chopping of the vegetables, too. 

As with the traditional recipe, this recipe needs to cook for 2-3 hours to develop in flavor. You will also need wine - both for the recipe and for drinking as the sauce cooks (of course!). Choose an Italian wine like a Chianti or Sangiovese (or even a Barolo or Barbaresco if you want to go that route). 

Chicken and Mushroom Bolognese
Serves 4-6 

• 1 tablespoon olive oil
• 1 pound boneless, skinless chicken thighs, cut into 1-inch pieces
• 1/2 red onion, roughly chopped
• 2 garlic cloves, chopped
• 10 ounces crimini mushrooms, cleaned and quartered
• 2 tablespoons tomato paste
• 1/2 cup red wine (Chianti or Sangiovese)
• 1 28-ounce can whole peel tomatoes, crushed by hand
• 1 bay leaf
• Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper, to taste
• 12 ounces pasta -- any shape you desire  

Put the chicken thighs into the bowl of a food processor, pulse several times until the chicken is finely ground. Heat the olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the ground chicken to the oil and begin to brown. Chop the onions and garlic in the food processor until chopped fine, about 15-20 pulses. Add the onions and garlic to the meat. Sauté for 3-5 minutes. Season lightly with salt and pepper. Finely chop the mushrooms in the food processor. Add the mushrooms to the meat mixture. Sauté for another 3-5 minutes. Add the tomato paste; cook for 1-2 minutes. Add the red wine, tomatoes, and bay leaf. Season lightly with salt and pepper. Reduce heat to medium low and cook for about 3 hours.

​Taste the sauce and season to taste with salt and pepper. About 30 minutes before the sauce is done, cook the pasta in salted boiling water until al dente. Drain and add about a 1/4 cup of the pasta water to the sauce. Add the pasta to the sauce; toss to coat well. 

Serve the pasta with crusty bread and grated Parmesan cheese. 

The reason I call this winter squash gnocchi as opposed to pumpkin or butternut squash gnocchi is because I don't want to pigeon hole this recipe into using certain types of winter squash. 

And quite frankly, I'm tired of everything pumpkin. 

There I said it. I'm not a big fan of pumpkin to begin with and everywhere you look, you see pumpkin this and pumpkin that. Geez. Must everything be pumpkin flavored between September and November? Where did this stem from? Is there a pumpkin lobby I didn't know about? 

But I digress... this is about gnocchi and making it with other types of winter squash available at the farmers market or grocery store. I wrote a post regarding the many types of winter squash that is being published this week. That way, you can get educated regarding the world of winter squash. 

So, a note about gnocchi... 

If you've made pasta from scratch, then you can make gnocchi. All it is an Italian dumpling that is typically made with potatoes. So for this version, instead of potatoes, I used winter squash that was roasted in the oven about 1-2 days before I made the gnocchi.

Also, it's important to get the sauce finished prior to putting the gnocchi dough together because once you make the dough, you cut them into dumplings and cook them in salted boiling water. The cooking process is very quick, about 3 minutes and then you throw them into the sauce. Or you can enlist the help of a friend or two (or family members) to help make the dish. One person on sauce; another person making gnocchi. 

Make sense? Good. Let's get started.

Winter Squash Gnocchi
Serves 4-6 

Gnocchi

• 2 cups cooked winter squash (any type -- butternut, acorn, kabocha, etc), instructions below
• 2 large eggs
• 1/2 cup parmesan cheese
• 2 ounces plain goat cheese
• 1 1/2 -2 cups all purpose flour
• 1/2 teaspoon salt
• 1/2 teaspoon black pepper

Sauce

• 1 tablespoon olive oil
• 1 tablespoon unsalted butter
• pinch of red pepper flakes
• 1/4 cup finely chopped shallots (or red onion)
• 2 cloves garlic, minced
• 3 oz diced pancetta
• 8 ounces crimini (or chanterelles or morels) mushrooms, sliced
• 2 tablespoons finely chopped fresh sage
• 1 1/2 cups chicken stock
• 1 cup cream
• salt and pepper to taste
• 1/2 cup grated parmesan cheese

Roast the winter squash:
Preheat oven to 375ºF. Cut the squash in half and scoop out the seeds. Brush a baking sheet with a little olive or canola oil. Place the squash cut side down on the sheet. Bake for 30-40 minutes or until soft and tender. Remove from oven and cool completely before scooping out the flesh. This can be done 1-2 days ahead of time; keep squash in the refrigerator until ready to use. Photos of roasting the squash are at the end of the post. 

Make the sauce:
Heat the olive oil and butter over medium heat. Add the pepper flakes, shallots, garlic, and pancetta; saute for 4-5 minutes. The pancetta will get slightly crispy. Add the sliced mushrooms and sage; saute for 4-5 minutes. Pour in the stock. Reduce slightly, about 10 minutes. Add the cream; bring to a boil and cook for 5 minutes. Season with salt and pepper. Stir in the grated cheese. Keep the sauce warm, stirring occasionally. 

Make the gnocchi:
Make sure you have a pot of water ready to go for cooking the gnocchi (boiling and salted). 

If you haven't done so already, scoop out the flesh from the cooled squash. Mash or puree the cooked squash until smooth. Thoroughly mix together the squash with the eggs, parmesan cheese, and goat cheese. Add 1 cup of flour, salt, and pepper. Mix until a dough begins to form. If the dough seems too sticky (it should be soft but not sticky), add more flour. You may need 1/2-3/4 cup more flour depending on how much moisture the squash was holding. For me, I only used about 1 1/4 cups of flour but you might need closer to 2 cups, depending on the squash you are using.  Knead for about 2-3 minutes or until the dough is no longer sticky. Do not overwork the dough or it will turn out tough. 

Cut the dough into 4 pieces. Roll each piece into a rope about 18-24 inches long. Cut into 1-inch pieces. Roll each piece down the tines of a fork to create grooves in the gnocchi. Boil the gnocchi in batches in the salted, boiling water. When the gnocchi float, they're done; about 2-3 minutes. Drain and place cooked gnocchi into the sauce. Cook the gnocchi in the sauce for 3-4 minutes before serving. 

Serve with crusty bread and extra parmesan cheese. 

This is a simple pasta to have on a warm summer day. Pesto is one of those delicious sauces that can be made ahead of time and frozen for later consumption. If you have an enormous amount of basil in the garden (mine looked like a huge bush this year), then you might want to make a big batch of pesto and freeze it. However, before freezing it, omit the cheese. Cheese tends to get a little funky when frozen. Add the cheese after it has thawed.

Now, my son is a picky eater but this is one of his favorite pasta dishes. I’m not sure what he likes most about it, but pesto seems to be his thing right now. So, this recipe has been “kid tested, mother approved.”

Pesto Pasta
Serves 6

Pesto Sauce
3 cups basil leaves
1 cup baby spinach
2 cloves garlic, chopped
Juice of 1 lemon
¼ cup parmesan cheese
2-3 tablespoons olive oil
Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper, to taste
Optional: 1-2 tablespoons almonds, walnuts, or pine nuts, lightly toasted

Pasta
¾ pound linguini pasta, cooked al dente, drained and tossed in 1 tablespoon olive oil
1-2 ounces goat cheese
Parmesan cheese

If you have not done so already, cook your pasta.

As the pasta is cooking, make the pesto. In a food processor, combine the basil, spinach, garlic, lemon juice, and cheese (add the lightly toasted nuts if desired). Pulse until mixture is finely chopped. With the motor running, add the olive oil until it turns into sauce consistency. Season with salt and pepper. Set aside until the pasta is done.

When the pasta is done cooking, drain and toss with a little olive oil. Place in a bowl; add the pesto. Toss well until combined. Add the goat cheese and parmesan cheese. Toss until well combined.

Serve it by itself or with Spicy Shrimp.

Spicy Shrimp:

1 tablespoon olive oil
1 clove garlic, minced
1 pinch red pepper flakes
1 pound uncooked shrimp, peeled and deveined
Juice of 1 of lemon
Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper, to taste

Heat the olive oil, garlic, and red pepper flakes in a skillet set over medium heat; saute until the garlic starts to sizzle. Add the shrimp and cook until opaque and pink in color, about 2 minutes per side (depends on the size of the shrimp). Add the lemon juice. Season with salt and pepper.

Serve.